查看override的IL

Override示例

下面我们看一个Override的Example

namespace MyCollection

{

public class MyBase

{

public virtual string Meth1()

{

return "MyBase-Meth1";

}

public virtual string Meth2()

{

return "MyBase-Meth2";

}

public virtual string Meth3()

{

return "MyBase-Meth3";

}

}

class MyDerived : MyBase

{

// 使用 override 关键字重写虚方法 Meth1:

public override string Meth1()

{

return "MyDerived-Meth1";

}

// 使用 new 关键字显式隐藏

// 虚方法 Meth2:

public new string Meth2()

{

return "MyDerived-Meth2";

}

// 由于下面声明中没有指定任何关键字

// 因此将发出一个警告来提醒程序员

// 此方法隐藏了继承的成员 MyBase.Meth3():

public string Meth3()

{

return "MyDerived-Meth3";

}

}

public class VirtualExample

{

public static void Main()

{

MyDerived mD = new MyDerived();

MyBase mB = (MyBase)mD;

System.Console.WriteLine(mD.Meth1());

System.Console.WriteLine(mD.Meth2());

System.Console.WriteLine(mD.Meth3());

System.Console.WriteLine("以上为类MyDerived的显示结果！\n");

System.Console.WriteLine(mB.Meth1());

System.Console.WriteLine(mB.Meth2());

System.Console.WriteLine(mB.Meth3());

System.Console.WriteLine("以上为MyBase的显示结果！\n");

System.Console.WriteLine("按任意键退出...");

System.Console.ReadLine();

}

}

}

运行结果

 

IL查看

双击查看Main方法

IL代码

.method public hidebysig static void  Main() cil managed

{

.entrypoint

// Code size       121 (0x79)

.maxstack  1

.locals init ([0] class MyCollection.MyDerived mD,

[1] class MyCollection.MyBase mB)

IL_0000:  nop

IL_0001:  newobj     instance void MyCollection.MyDerived::.ctor()

IL_0006:  stloc.0

IL_0007:  ldloc.0

IL_0008:  stloc.1

IL_0009:  ldloc.0

IL_000a:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth1()//调用的是MyBase的Meth1()

IL_000f:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0014:  nop

IL_0015:  ldloc.0

IL_0016:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyDerived::Meth2()

IL_001b:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0020:  nop

IL_0021:  ldloc.0

IL_0022:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyDerived::Meth3()

IL_0027:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_002c:  nop

IL_002d:  ldstr      bytearray (E5 4E 0A 4E 3A 4E 7B 7C 4D 00 79 00 44 00 65 00   // .N.N:N{|M.y.D.e.

72 00 69 00 76 00 65 00 64 00 84 76 3E 66 3A 79   // r.i.v.e.d..v>f:y

D3 7E 9C 67 01 FF 0A 00 )                         // .~.g....

IL_0032:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0037:  nop

IL_0038:  ldloc.1

IL_0039:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth1()//这里一样调用的是MyBase的Meth1()

IL_003e:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0043:  nop

IL_0044:  ldloc.1

IL_0045:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth2()

IL_004a:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_004f:  nop

IL_0050:  ldloc.1

IL_0051:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth3()

IL_0056:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_005b:  nop

IL_005c:  ldstr      bytearray (E5 4E 0A 4E 3A 4E 4D 00 79 00 42 00 61 00 73 00   // .N.N:NM.y.B.a.s.

65 00 84 76 3E 66 3A 79 D3 7E 9C 67 01 FF 0A 00 ) // e..v>f:y.~.g....

IL_0061:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0066:  nop

IL_0067:  ldstr      bytearray (09 63 FB 4E 0F 61 2E 95 00 90 FA 51 2E 00 2E 00   // .c.N.a.....Q....

2E 00 )                                           // ..

IL_006c:  call       void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)

IL_0071:  nop

IL_0072:  call       string [mscorlib]System.Console::ReadLine()

IL_0077:  pop

IL_0078:  ret

} // end of method VirtualExample::Main

IL解析

我们先回头看看源程序处的main内部的“System.Console.WriteLine(mD.Meth1());”语句对应上面的 IL_000a:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth1() 和 IL_0039:  callvirt   instance string MyCollection.MyBase::Meth1()处的一模一样，原来它执行的是MyBase类的Meth1虚方法。而Meth1方法已经在 MyDerived类中重写了，所以这两个类的对应的方法1在本质说上都一样了。

通过看这个例子，我们能更加深入地理解override的功能了。看来ILdasm的确厉害，与其你想半天不如调IL代码看看，很多问题就会迎刃而解了，拨云见日啊！

文献资料

对于IL代码指令的具体含义请参考：